Living things

07.1126 Waterweed (Ceratophyllum demersum) - Whole Form (Scaled)

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #117] What are the species of the Ceratophyllum family? Photo list

The family Ceratophyllaceae consists of brittle, hard, freshwater submerged herbs. They lack roots, instead anchoring themselves with modified rhizoids (root systems) formed from branches. Stems are elongated and branched, and leaves are whorled and branch several times. Stipules are absent. The flowers are monoecious or dioecious, with approximately 10 perianth segments (also called involucral bracts), and male...

2022.10.27

Seed Plant Encyclopedia

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #116] What are the types of grasses? Photo list

The grass family (Poaceae) consists of annual to perennial herbs, or plants with woody, perennial stems. The stem, called a "culm," has septa at the nodes, and the rest of the stem is hollow or contains pith. Leaves are arranged alternately in two rows and consist of a leaf blade and a leaf sheath. The leaf blade is often linear, and the leaf sheath is wide...

2022.10.26

Seed Plant Encyclopedia

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #111] What are the species of Cyperaceae? Photo List

The Cyperaceae family consists of annual or perennial herbs. Most have solid, triangular stems. The leaves are linear, with the base forming a tubular sheath. Some genera, such as *Erigeron annuus*, *Scirpus juncoides*, *Scutellaria*, and *Cyperus*, have reduced leaf blades, leaving only a sheath...

2022.10.15

Seed Plant Encyclopedia

Posts 4155 Featured Image Terrestrial Aquatic Insect Identification Books

Summary of Identification Literature for Terrestrial and Aquatic Insects: List of Field Guides and Papers Containing Identification Keys

This article compiles literature for identifying insects. The focus is primarily on literature containing identification keys that allow for reliable species identification. While all taxonomic groups are covered, this is based on personal needs and observations, and therefore is not a comprehensive collection...

2022.10.06

animal

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #110] What are the species of Juncus rotundifolia? Photo List

The Juncaceae family consists mainly of annual to perennial herbs that grow in wetlands, rarely becoming shrub-like. Stems are cylindrical or biangled, usually unbranched. Leaves are arranged alternately in two rows, linear, flattened, or cylindrical, with a sheathed base, one end opening or forming a complete tube. Flowers are small, nearly identical in shape...

2022.09.30

Seed Plant Encyclopedia

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #104] What are the species of the Bromeliaceae family? Photo list

Bromeliaceae are perennial plants. Many have a structure where the bases of their leaves closely overlap, allowing them to store water. However, some species, such as tank bromeliads and the gray-leaved epiphytic plant Tillandsia, can only collect water through a leaf structure called trichomes...

2022.09.29

Seed Plant Encyclopedia

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #103] What are the species of the Typha family? Photo list

The Typhaceae family are perennial herbs that grow in ponds and wetlands. Their rhizomes are thick and creeping. The leaves are linear, erect, or float on the water's surface. The flowers are unisexual and monoecious. The inflorescence is terminal, bearing cylindrical or spherical clusters, with male inflorescences at the top and female inflorescences at the bottom. The perianth is thread-like or...

2022.09.29

Seed Plant Encyclopedia

07.0650 Myoga (Japanese ginger) upper surface of the leaf

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #102] What are the species of the Zingiberaceae family? Photo list

The family Zingiberaceae is a perennial herb. It has a thickened rhizome, and the stem is enclosed in a leaf sheath. The leaf blade is linear to oblong, with a ligule between the leaf blade and the leaf sheath. The inflorescence is raceme or spike-like with bracts. The flowers are bisexual and bilaterally symmetrical. The outer perianth is tubular, the inner perianth is 3-lobed, and the base is...

2022.09.29

Seed Plant Encyclopedia

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #101] What are the species of the Iridaceae family? Photo list

The family Costaceae is a pantropical monocotyledonous plant. The leaves are arranged spirally, and the leaves at the base of the stem are usually wingless. The base of the leaves has a closed leaf sheath, and a projection called a ligule is located at the top of the leaf sheath. Unlike other plants in the Zingiberales order, it has 2-3 stamens...

2022.09.28

Seed Plant Encyclopedia

[Seed Plant Encyclopedia #100] What are the species of the Marantaceae family? Photo list

The Marantaceae family consists of evergreen perennial herbs that resemble the Canna and Zingiber families in morphology. They produce short stems above ground from underground rhizomes, with leaves at the base. Flowers are arranged in racemes. The leaves are broad, with veins branching out from the central vein. They are found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, excluding Australia...

2022.09.20

Seed Plant Encyclopedia