plant

What are the differences between Melophyllum uliginosum and Melophyllum okinawaense? How do they differ from Tricholoma cucumeroides species? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! Is the pollination method unknown? Do birds like these cute fruits? Are they edible for humans?

Both *Melo serrulata* and *Melo okinawaensis* belong to the Cucurbitaceae family and are climbing annuals. Morphologically, they share similarities, including small flowers and smooth, hairless fruit surfaces. Furthermore, Google search suggestions are sometimes incorrect, making it difficult to distinguish between them without prior observation...

2023.06.01

plant

07.3345 Fraxinus lanuginosa (Japanese ash) flower

What are the differences between Fraxinus lanuginosa, Fraxinus sieboldiana, and Fraxinus japonica? How do they differ from Fraxinus sieboldiana and Fraxinus japonica? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! Did the flowers use both wind and insects for pollination? What is the purpose of the wings on the fruit?

Fraxinus lanuginosa, Fraxinus sieboldiana, and Fraxinus japonica all belong to the genus Fraxinus in the family Oleaceae. They are very similar in that they have odd-pinnately compound leaves, and their leaf and flower shapes are particularly similar compared to other species in the Fraxinus genus. Therefore, it can sometimes be difficult to distinguish between them. What are Fraxinus lanuginosa and Fraxinus japonica...?.

2023.05.25

plant

07.2634 Rumex japonicus (Japanese dock) fruit

What are the differences between dock, long-leaved dock, rough dock, and Ezo dock? How do you distinguish them from sorrel? We'll explain how to tell similar species apart! Did they rely on wind for pollination? Seed dispersal methods were more diverse than you might imagine!

Rumex japonicus, Rumex longifolius, Rumex crispus, and Rumex japonicus all belong to the genus Rumex in the family Polygonaceae. Originally, only Rumex japonicus was found in Japan, but multiple species have invaded and become extremely common weeds. They also share a common preference for disturbed soil, and are often found growing together...

2023.05.23

plant

What are the differences between Tatsunamisou, Kobano-tatsunamisou, Okata-tatsunamisou, and Namikisou? We explain how to distinguish between similar species! Do bees like the flowers? And are raindrops important for the fruit?!

Scutellaria indica, Scutellaria baicalensis, Scutellaria japonica, and Scutellaria verna all belong to the genus Scutellaria in the Lamiaceae family. They are often confused in horticulture, and because they frequently grow in forest edges and on the forest floor, their large, swollen corollas are similar in shape, making them difficult to distinguish by observation alone. The genus Scutellaria includes...

2023.05.18

plant

What's the difference between okra and tororo aoi (flower okra)? How to distinguish between similar species! What are the uses? Bees love the flowers! What happens to unripe okra if left unattended?

Okra and Abelmoschus manihot both belong to the Malvaceae family, and are used by humans due to the viscous nature of parts of their bodies. Morphologically, they share similarities: their leaves are palmate with 3-9 lobes, their flowers have a protruding "column" (a fused structure of stamens and pistils), and their corollas are white...

2023.05.16

plant

What are the differences between gardenias and small gardenias? What are the varieties? How can you distinguish between similar species? What are the uses? Is the sweet scent due to hawk moths? What is the role of the fruit's pigments in nature?

Gardenias are indispensable plants to the Japanese people, both as wild plants, ornamental plants, and food additives. While there is a known variety called *Gardenia jasminoides* (small gardenia), both share similar flower shapes, opposite or whorled leaves, and are evergreen, with glossy leaves, entire margins, and typically pointed tips.

2023.05.14

plant

07.2003 Alnus japonica (Japanese alder) fruit clusters

What are the differences between Alnus japonica, Alnus sieboldiana, and Alnus sieboldiana? How do they differ from other Alnus species? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! Why can they grow in poor soil? Did they rely on wind for both their flowers and fruits?

Alnus japonica, Alnus sieboldiana, and Alnus sieboldiana are all species belonging to the Alnus genus of the Betulaceae family and are endemic to Japan. Because they have symbiotic relationships with both ectomycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing actinomycetes that can utilize atmospheric nitrogen, they are well-suited to living in poor soil and are used not only in the wild but also for greening purposes...

2023.05.12

plant

07.2401 Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum) male flower

What are the differences between Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum), Chinese pepper (Zanthoxylum sibiricum), and Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum ailanthoides)? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! What are their uses? What insects visit the flowers? Birds apparently love the seeds because they don't find them spicy!?

Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum), Japanese sansho, and Japanese sansho are common species in Japan, and Japanese pepper in particular remains an essential ingredient in cooking today. All belong to the genus Zanthoxylum in the Rutaceae family, and are very similar in that they have many thorns all over the plant and odd-pinnately compound leaves consisting of an odd number of leaflets. Japanese pepper has a distinctive aroma...

2023.05.11

plant

What are the differences between autumn olive, summer olive, Chinese olive, and white olive? Can they be eaten raw? Is the "sparkle" on the leaves to prevent drying? What insects visit the flowers? Are the sweet and sour fruits very popular in nature?

Autumn olive, summer olive, Chinese olive, and white olive are all members of the Elaeagnus genus in the Elaeagnaceae family. They can be found in various locations throughout Japan, including rivers, coastlines, and forests. Their leaves are covered in shimmering stellate or scale-like hairs, and they produce pale yellow flowers consisting only of a cylindrical calyx tube, lacking petals.

2023.05.02

plant

What are the differences between Cornus kousa, Cornus florida, and evergreen Cornus kousa? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! Various insects visit the flowers, but are there differences in their tendencies? There are two types of fruits: "drupe" and "aggregate fruit"!?

Cornus kousa, Cornus florida, and Cornus kousa var. serrata are three commonly planted trees with flowers featuring distinctive white bracts that resemble petals. Their white bracts are similar, and their leaf shapes are also alike, which can sometimes lead to confusion. However, these three species cannot be distinguished solely by leaf shape and color...

2023.04.05

plant