ecology

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07.2093 Chinese tallow tree (Unripe fruit) plant

What are the differences between Chinese tallow tree and Japanese wax tree? We explain how to distinguish between similar species! Why did the white seeds, which contain a lot of fat, evolve?

Both the Chinese tallow tree (Toxicodendron sylvaticum) and the Japanese wax tree (Toxicodendron succedaneum) are deciduous trees, and both share the name "haze." This name comes from the fact that their fruits or seeds contain a large amount of fat, which has historically been used as wax. However, perhaps because of this, the Chinese tallow tree and the Japanese wax tree are often confused...
07.2321 Evening Primrose Flower plant

What are the differences between evening primroses (Oenothera biennis), dwarf evening primroses (Oenothera japonica), common evening primroses (Oenothera parviflora), and large evening primroses (Oenothera biennis)? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! Why did they evolve to bloom in the evening?

Evening primrose (Oenothera biennis), small evening primrose (Oenothera japonica), common evening primrose (Oenothera parviflora), and large evening primrose (Oenothera japonica) are all herbaceous plants belonging to the genus Oenothera in the family Onagraceae. Although they are introduced species, they are frequently seen in urban areas. Among the Oenothera species, these four species differ from the flowers we usually see, as they bloom in the evening with four petals...
07.2783 Baby's Breath Flower plant

What's the difference between baby's breath and perennial baby's breath? We'll explain how to distinguish between these similar species! Most people can't tell the difference!

Both baby's breath (Gypsophila sempervirens) and perennial baby's breath (Gypsophila sempervirens) belong to the Gypsophila genus of the Caryophyllaceae family. They bear numerous delicate, small flowers (mainly white or pink) and are often planted in flowerbeds, as well as being widely used as cut flowers and in flower arrangements...
07.1569.a Vicia cracca (Japanese Vicia) inflorescence 2 plant

What are the differences between Vicia cracca, Hairy Vetch, Slender Vicia cracca, and Velvet Vicia? We explain how to distinguish between similar species! Was the nectar stolen from the flowers without restraint?!

Vicia cracca, hairy vetch, slender vetch, and velvet vetch all belong to the Vicia genus of the Fabaceae family. They are characterized by numerous purple, butterfly-shaped flowers (10-30 in number) arranged in racemes in spring, and by having five or more pairs of leaflets. From a distance, they are very similar...
07.0073 Japanese star anise (Illicium anisatum) - Leaf arrangement plant

What's the difference between Japanese star anise (Illicium anisatum) and Japanese star anise (Illicium verum)? We'll explain how to distinguish between these similar species! Japanese star anise protects graves, while Japanese star anise protects life!?

Both Japanese star anise (Illicium anisatum) and Japanese star anise (Illicium verum) belong to the genus Illicium in the family Schisandraceae. They are evergreen plants with glossy leaves, and their most distinctive feature is their fruit: a follicle-like fruit consisting of eight follicles arranged radially. Both are considered very important plants both domestically and internationally...
07.2069 Purple Wood Sorrel Flower plant

What are the differences between Oxalis, Purple Wood Sorrel, Potato Wood Sorrel, Red Wood Sorrel, and Flower Wood Sorrel? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species!

Purple wood sorrel, sweet wood sorrel, red wood sorrel, and flowering wood sorrel all belong to the genus Oxalis in the family Oxalidaceae. Within the vast Oxalis genus, these species are characterized by their obovate leaflets with rounded corners and red to pink flowers. They were originally cultivated as ornamental plants but have since become naturalized and introduced species...
07.2842.a Portulaca grandiflora (Pink-flowered variety) plant

What are the differences between purslane, portulaca, and moss rose? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! The secret to their strength lies in the simultaneous use of two special types of photosynthesis!?

Purslane, Portulaca grandiflora, and Portulaca oleracea all belong to the Portulacaceae family and Portulaca genus. Their most distinctive feature is their glossy, succulent leaves. Due to their hardiness, they are cultivated and naturalized in urban areas, especially Portulaca grandiflora and Portulaca oleracea...
07.1903 Ficus pumila (Japanese Ficus microcarpa) syconium plant

What are the differences between *Ficus microcarpa*, *Ficus pumila*, and *Ficus serrata*? We explain how to distinguish between similar species! What is the special parasitic wasp that visits the "fruit-like" "syconium"?

Ficus microcarpa, Ficus serrata, and Ficus serrata all belong to the Ficus genus of the Moraceae family. They are distinguished from other Ficus species by their climbing growth habit, attaching themselves to tree trunks and rocks. Their most distinctive feature, like other Ficus species, is the formation of fruit-like structures...
07.3390.a Plantago asiatica (flower bud) plant

What are the differences between plantain, broadleaf plantain, budded plantain, and psyllium? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! How do they become stronger when stepped on?

Plantago major, Plantago lanceolata, and Plantago asiatica all belong to the Plantaginaceae family and Plantago genus, and are perennial herbs that grow very commonly along roadsides. They prefer compacted ground and are known as a type of "footprint plant." While these are often confused, they can be relatively distinguished by paying attention to the shape of their leaves and inflorescences...
07.3495.a Catmint leaves plant

What's the difference between catmint and catnip? How does it differ from mint? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! Why does it intoxicate cats? And is it actually a mosquito repellent?!

Catmint and catnip belong to the genus Nepeta in the Lamiaceae family and are perennial plants widely cultivated in Japan as herbs or for ornamental purposes. While their large corolla with a protruding upper lip is a distinctive feature, their most notable characteristic is the "silver vine reaction" that intoxicates felines...
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