Living things

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アドラー心理学は怪しい?胡散臭い?エセ科学?どこまで証明されてる?科学的根拠やよくある誤解を解説!

アドラー心理学を一言でまとめるなら、「自分の人生を自分で選び(自己決定性)、目的に沿って行動し(目的論)、余計な他者コントロールを手放す(課題の分離)ことで、他者と協力して生きる力(共同体感覚)を育てる心理学」と言えます。しかし、彼の心理学...
animal

リズム感と拍子(2拍子・4拍子・3拍子)の起源とは?進化生物学的・歴史的な由来を解説!

音楽を聴いたり、歌を歌ったり、ダンスが趣味になると、自然とリズム感や拍子といったものに関心を持つようになっていきます。しかしその起源は?と考えると答えられない部分が多いと思います。あまりにも自然にリズムにノッてしまうことが多いので疑問にも思...
animal

クマを絶滅させるほど駆除をしてはいけない理由とは?クマ(ツキノワグマ・ヒグマ)の利益を完全解説!

日本には本州と四国にニホンツキノワグマ(日本月輪熊) Ursus thibetanus japonicus が、北海道にエゾヒグマ (蝦夷羆)Ursus arctos yesoensis が分布しています。2025年これらのクマが人里での活...
plant

What's the difference between broom and dwarf broom? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species! Do the flowers "burst" to release pollen onto bees?!

Both *Cytisus scoparius* (Japanese broom) and *Cytisus scoparius* (dwarf broom) belong to the legume family and are classified under the genus *Cytisus* in Japanese classification. They are characterized by their small, trifoliate compound leaves and the yellow, butterfly-shaped flowers they produce in spring. While cultivated for ornamental purposes, *Cytisus scoparius* is sometimes sold under the name "Japanese broom"...
plant

What are the differences between *Solanum nigrum*, *Solanum sibiricum*, *Solanum nigrum*, and *Solanum nigrum*? We'll explain how to distinguish between similar species!

Black nightshade, large black nightshade, American black nightshade, and glossy black nightshade all belong to the Solanaceae family and Solanum genus. They are very commonly seen in urban areas, and can even be found in green spaces in large cities. They are characterized by their round, black, ripening fruits, but the four species are very similar...
plant

What's the difference between Lythrum salicaria and Lythrum anceps? We'll explain how to distinguish between these similar species!

Both Lythrum salicaria and Lythrum sibiricum belong to the genus Lythrum in the family Lythraceae, and are perennial herbs commonly found in waterside areas and wetlands. They are often planted in biotopes, and their flower shapes are almost identical, making it difficult for some to distinguish between the two species. However, in addition to the hair-like projections on the entire plant, the shape of the leaves...
plant

マメアサガオとホシアサガオの違いは?似た種類の見分け方を解説!

マメアサガオとホシアサガオはいずれもヒルガオ科サツマイモ属に含まれ日本では野生化した外来種で、小さな花冠と上から見ると星形という点で共通しています。町中でも見かけますが混同されることがあるかもしれません。しかし、花の色という分かりやすい違い...
plant

カシグルミ・オニグルミ・ヒメグルミ・サワグルミの違いは?似た種類の見分け方を解説!硬い果実はリスとネズミ専用に進化していた!?

カシグルミ・オニグルミ・ヒメグルミ・サワグルミはいずれもクルミ科に含まれ、鋸歯がある奇数羽状複葉によって特徴づけられる落葉高木です。日本の森林に生える他、カシグルミ・オニグルミ・ヒメグルミにおいては偽果と硬い果実の内部にいわゆる「クルミの実...
plant

What are the differences between Chinese tallow tree and Japanese wax tree? We explain how to distinguish between similar species! Why did the white seeds, which contain a lot of fat, evolve?

Both the Chinese tallow tree (Toxicodendron sylvaticum) and the Japanese wax tree (Toxicodendron succedaneum) are deciduous trees, and both share the name "haze." This name comes from the fact that their fruits or seeds contain a large amount of fat, which has historically been used as wax. However, perhaps because of this, the Chinese tallow tree and the Japanese wax tree are often confused...
plant

マグワ・ヤマグワ・ヒメコウゾの違いは?似た種類の見分け方を解説!

マグワとヤマグワはいずれもクワ科クワ属に含まれ日本の林縁のあちこちで見かける落葉低木で、どちらも養蚕で使用されてきたことで有名です。形態的には葉上面が無毛で不分裂葉と独特の3~5の切れ込みが入る分裂葉が入り交じる点が大きな特徴です。しかし2...
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